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Malik Hamza Shabbir

Articles

Notes from building real things

Web, React and Next.js, AI and RAG, and mobile. Written from production work, not tutorials about tutorials.

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Citations or It Didn't Happen: Building a Docs Chatbot That Refuses Low-Confidence Answers

A production architecture for a docs chatbot that grounds every claim in retrieved sources, links each claim to a source, and refuses rather than fabricates when retrieval confidence is low. Retrieval, rerank, validation, and the abstention threshold that moves correct deflection.

· 9 min read
Citations or It Didn't Happen: Building a Docs Chatbot That Refuses Low-Confidence Answers - article cover

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